Grades are determined in these rules by the cumber of permissible defects a piece of timber can carry , Permissible defects are defined for each grade ; if a piece of timber contains more defects than are allowed by the rules it is rejected .

General Market Specification.Scope : The following rules define the standard Grades under the General Market Specification . These are intended primarily for grading teak conversions which are generally to be re-sawn before use for any specific purpose .

Grades : 3 grades shall be recognized namely :

Select Special known as Europe First Class

Special known as Europe Intermediate Quality

Selected First known as Europe Second Class

Grade Marks : The standard grade marks shall be :

Select Special : S S
Special : S
Selected First : F
Second : II
Market : M

Mixed Grade : In case a special agreement has been made between the buyer and seller , there may be a mixed grade e.g. Special & Better or Fifty - Fifty .

Select Special : Must be free from the following defects :

Large knots , large beeholes , suncracks , large pitch or bark pocker , large chalk pocket , inbark , soft heart centre . sap , cross or sloping grain , shake , rough grain ( wild growth ) . splits , or serious mechanical injury , or excessively curly or wavy grain , unless otherwise specified .

In pieces which possess lengths pr widths not less than the average dimension of such parcel of timber . except pieces with lengths from 9' ( or the equivalent in metric system ) upward , which shall be recknot individually the following defects will be allowed : - - one knot ( 1.30 cm) in diameter , not penetrating to the other side , or one beehole ( 0.6 cm ) in diameter not penetrating to the other side and pieces carrying each of such defects should not exceed 5% of the total number of pieces in the parcel .

Special : Must have one broad side and one edge free of defects . The following defects will be permitted on the worse sides: -

Knot : One knot ? ( 1.9 cm ) in diameter not penetrating to the other side or two knot 2 ? " ( 1.3 cm ) in diameter provided that the diahance between the two defects is at least 50% of the length of the piece and that they do not penetrate to the other side . These defects are allowed in pieces of 6' ( 1.82 m ) & up in length . For pieces below 6' ( 1.82 m ) & up in length . For pieces below 6' ( 1.82 m ) in length , only one knot up to ? " ( 1.9 cm ) is allowed A corner knot appearing on one side and on the adjacent edge counts as one only .

Beeholes : Two beeholes ( 0.6 cm ) in diameter not penetrating to the other side provided that the distance between the two defects is at least 50% of the length of the piece . These defects are allowed in pieces of 6' (1.82 m ) & up in length . For pieces below 6' ( 1.82 m ) in length only one beehole up to 3/8 " ( 0.95 cm ) in diameter will be allowed . A corner beehole appearing on one side and on the adjacent edge counts as one only .

Knot and Beehole combined : One knot ? ( 1.9 cm ) in diameter will be allowed provided that the distance between the two defects is at least 50% of the length of the piece and that they do not penetrate to the other side .

Sap : In pieces of 4" ( 10 cm ) & up in width which contain either one knot of diameter not exceeding ? " ( 1.9 cm ) or one beehole of diameter not exceeding 3/8 " ( 0.95 cm ) and is free from all other defects , a small bright sap not exceeding ? " ( 1.30 cm ) in width and ? " ( 0.60cm ) in thickness may be allowed . ( In pieces below 4" ( 10 cm ) widths , a small bright sap not exceeding ? " ( 1.30 cm ) in width and ? ( 0.60 cm ) in thickness will be allowed if it does not contain any other defect .

Pieces carrying each of such defects as restricted in this grade should not exceed 10% of the total number of pieces in a parcel .

Curly Grain and Wavy Grain : Curly grain and wavy grain timber is allowed , but it should altogether not exceed 5% of the number of pieces in the parcel .

Selected First : The following defects will be permitted in the Selected First Quality Grade

Knot : One sound knot up to 1" ( 2.60 cm ) in diameter not penetrating to the other side. Or Two sound knots one up to ?" ( 1.9 cm ) in diameter and another sound knot up to ?" ( 1.30 cm ) in diameter , provided that the distance between the two defects is at least 30% of the length of the piece and that they do not penetrate to the other side . In the case of sound knots, the diameter should be half that of the sound knots permitted in this grade .

Beehole : Two beeholes of 3/8" ( 0.95 cm ) in diameter will be allowed and that the distance between the two defects is at least 30% of the length of the piece and that they do not penetrate to the other side .

Knot and Beehole combined : One sound knot ?" ( 1.9 cm ) in diameter and one beehole 3/8" ( 0.95 cm ) in diameter will be allowed provided that the distance between the two defects is at least 30% of the length of the piece and that they do not penetrate to the other side .

Sap : In pieces of 4" ( 10" cm ) & up widths which contain either one knot of diameter not exceeding ?" ( 1.9 cm ) or one beehole of diameter not exceeding 3/8" ( 0.95 cm ) and is free from all other defects , a small bright sap not exceeding ?" ( 1.30 cm ) in width and ?" ( 0.60 cm ) in thickness may be allowed . ( In pieces below 4" ( 10 cm ) widths , a small sap not exceeding ?" ( 1.30 cm ) in width and ( 0.60 cm) in thickness will be allowed if it does not contain any other defect

Sun Cuacks : Occasional narrow sun cracks , less than 1/8" ( 0.30 cm ) in width and with an aggregate length of not more than 30% of the length of a piece are allowed .

Pitch Pocket or Bark Pocket or Cahlk Pocket : Up to three small pitch pockets or bark pockets or chalk pockets with a mean diameter not exceeding ?" ( 0.60 cm ) if they are round or oval , and 1" ( 2.60 cm ) in length if the width does not exceed ?" ( 0.30 cm ) are allowed on any side of the piece.

Pieces carrying each of such defects as restricted in this grade should not exceed 10% of the total number of pieces in a parcel .

Curly Grain ; Curly grain timber is allowed , but it should not exceed 5% of the total number of pieces in a parcel .

First : The following defects will be permitted in First Quality Grade .

Knots : Same as for Selected First .

Beeholes : Same as for Selected First .

Sap : Same as for Selected First .

Knot and beehole combined : Same as for Selected First .

Black Streaks or Oil Streaks : Small black streaks appearing on the surface are permitted provided they do not total spoil the appearance of the timber .

Curly Grain : Curly grain timber is allowed but it should not exceed 10% of the number of pieces in the parcel .

Sun Cracks : Occasional narrow sun cracks , less than 1/8" ( 00.30 cm ) in width and with aggregate length of not more than 40 % of the number of pieces in a parcel .

Pitch Pocket or Bark Pocket : Up to three small pitch pockets or bark pockets with a mean diameter not exceeding 3/8" ( 0.95 cm ) if they are round or oval ., and 1" ( 2.60 cm ) in length if the width does not exceed 1/8" ( 0.30 cm ) are allowed on any side of the piece provided the number of pieces containing such defects do not exceed 15% of the number of pieces of pieces in a parcel .

Second : Timber in this grade may carry the following defects :

Knot : One sound knot 1 ?" ( 3 cm ) in diameter , or one sound knot 1" ( 2.60 cm ) in diameter and another knot ?" ( 1.90 cm ) in diameter provided that the distance between the two defects is at least 20% of the length of the piece . In case of unsound knots , the diameter should be half of that allowed for sound knots .

Beehole : Two beehole of ?" ( 1.30 cm ) in diameter will be allowed provided that the distance between these two defects is at least 20% of the length of the piece.

Combined Defects : One sound knot 1 ? " ( 3 cm ) in diameter and one beehole ?" ( 1.30 cm )n in diameter or the equivalent in smaller knots or holes can be allowed .

Pitch Pocket or Bark Pocket or Chalk Pocket : Pitch Pocket or chalk pocket numbering up to four or size not exceeding ? " ( 1.30cm ) in mean diameter if its shape is round or voal or , if its shape is linear not exceeding 1 ? " this also applies to its equivalents of smaller sizes.

Black Streaks or Oil Streaks : Black streaks or oil streaks are permitted in this grade without any limit .

Sap : Sapwood not exceeding 33 ? % of the width and of the thickness will be allowed provided that the piece is free from all other defects . If the piece of timber carries other defects mentioned above in addition to the sap , the amount of sapwood for both width and thickness should be the same as in the first Quality.

Curly Grain : Curly Grain timber is allowed without any limit in this grade .

Pieces carrying sloping grain , cracks , sun cracks and any other minor defects should not exceed 15% of the number of pieces in the parcel .

Sun Cracks : The size and quantity of the Sun Cracks allowed should be the same as in First Quality . The aggregate length of the Sun Cracks allowed in each piece should not exceed 50% of the length of the particular pliece.