Assessment of Market prospects for Mynamar timber
Myanmar is a country rich in natural forest resources. Out of the country's land area of 676,577 Sq. Km, 388,210 Sq. Km or 57.71% is covered with forests.
The administration and management of forests has started since the reign of Myanmar Kings and continued during the colonial era. Clear felling was never adopted; instead, selected felling system was practiced. Within the Annual Allowable Cuts (AAC) fixed by the Forest Department and in accordance with the plan drawn up by the Myanma Timber Enterprise (MTE), harvesting is carried oul Not only teak but also some suitable species are planted as substitutes in plantations, with the result that the country's forest resources can be sustainable and exploitable up to the present time.Highly valued species such as Teak, Pyinkado, Padauk, Tamalan are found together with lesser-used species such as D idu and Letpan. Out of about 1200 species in Myanma forests, about 780 lesser .known species are recorded. Of the numerous species about forty including Teak, Pyinkado and Padauk are harvested for commercial utilization. MTE is mainly responsible for harvesting of teak and other valuable hardwoods and transporting them to depots, saw mills and factories where they are later processed into conversions, veneers and furniture for local use and export. The items exported by MTE may be grouped into two categories. The first is in its raw form (e.g. export of logs). The second is in processed form (e.g. export of sawn timber and wood based products). All the export products from MTE are systematically graded according to the accepted rules and regulations. In addition, packing and service are also taken into consideration to enhance the quality of product export to the competitive markets. It is hard to upgrade the quality of export items like logs which are productsin their natural form. At present to get foreign exchange, logs are to be exported in bulk, but the quality of the logs is getting poorer year after year. So to get better quality logs, green teak logs are harvested by Selection Felling System. All out efforts are also made for enhancing the quality of products processed at sawmills and wood-based factories. Pricing is an important factor in the export business. If prices are too high consumers will not buy, but if the prices are too low it will run counter to the interest of the country. So, when MTE determines its export prices, there are usually adjusted based on the production cost of the commodities at the beginning of each financial year. When the market situation is not favourable, no further adjustment is made to prices, and they are left untouched. All export prices are calculated in US Dollars on FOB basis. As species, size and quality differs, prices vary accordingly. If more of good quality can be exported in a year, the unit average price will rise proportionately. MTE is exporting teak logs to various countries all over the world and the market situations from all parts of the world are studied and analyzed. It is noticed that there are variations in the market from one place to another. Teak markets in Thailand, India and Malaysia are still strong. The market for teak in Singapore, PRC and the Middle East is picking up, and so is the European market. Markets for Myanmar teak in Japan, Korea, Hong Kong and Pakistan remain sluggish at present. It can be said so for the North America market. As for the Australia market, it is buying the Indonesian teak. But wood-based factories in Australia bought only high quality Myanmar teak in the past. Australia has not been buying Myanmar teak for quite some time; nor will it buy Myanmar teak in the near future.